Intraoperative and postoperative anesthesia-related complications of percutaneous nephrolithotomy in patients with coraliform lithiasis

Abstract

Introduction: Renal lithiasis currently accounts for 20-30% of urology consultations worldwide.
Objectives: To identify the intra- and postoperative complications of percutaneous nephrolithotomy in patients with staghorn lithiasis.
Methods: A descriptive study was conducted in patients with a diagnosis of staghorn lithiasis and admitted for elective percutaneous nephrolithotomy Hermanos Ameijeiras Clinical-Surgical Hospital between October 2010 and October 2015.
Results: We identified 32 patients with intra- and postoperative complications. The male sex was represented by the 68.7%. The mean age was 47.59±12.2 years. The most frequent ASA classification was ASA II, accounting for 56.2%. All patients received general anesthesia. The mean value of intraoperative hematic losses was 650.00±413.09 mL. Total volume replacement was 10, 107.80±2, 659.25 mL. Chloride sodium 0.9% was administered at doses 7743.75±2007.39 mL and packed red blood cells to 18.8% of the total. Intraoperative complications occurred in 24 patients, accounting for 75.0%. Of these, the most frequent were metabolic, cardiovascular, respiratory and renal. Hypothermia was present in one third of the patients. Postoperative complications occurred in 23 patients, accounting for 71.9%. Of these, cardiovascular, respiratory, renal and septic were the most frequent.
Conclusions: The complications were frequent and serious. However, an important percentage number was achieved for cured discharge patients.