Anesthetic morbidity and mortality and risk factors in patients with hip fracture

Abstract

Introduction: Population aging conditions increased hip fracture and subsequent surgical treatment.
Objectives: To describe the anesthetic morbidity and mortality and their risk factors in patients with hip fracture.
Methods: A prospective, longitudinal, analytic, study was carried out in the Department of Anesthesiology of Manuel Ascunce Domenech University Hospital of Camagüey, from August 2012 to August 2013. The sample group was 235 patients with hip fracture and under surgical intervention. The sample was made up by the similar number of patients (target population). Data collection was performed on purpose of the research with the variable of interest and processed in SPSS. Univariate and multivariate methods of statistical analysis were used.
Results: The most frequent intraoperative complications were hypotension and bleeding, while in the postoperative period there was a manifestation of nausea and vomits, hypotension and myocardial ischemia. Odds ratio values showed that the factors associated with these complications were the presence of anemia, ASA-III assessment, higher surgical time of 24 hours, hypertension, ischemic heart disease and intraoperative bleeding. Mortality for pulmonary embolism was low and logistic regression analysis determined that the major risk factors were laryngospasm, intraoperative hypertension, and ASA-III assessment.
Conclusions: morbidity was mediated by factors related to comorbidities and the general condition of the patient, the time of surgery and the perioperative incidents. Mortality manifested due to pulmonary embolism, with risk factors associated with perioperative events and the patient's condition.