Anesthetic complications in patients with neoadjuvant chemotherapy to breast cancer

Abstract

Introduction: Previous or ongoing chemotherapy can present a wide range of interactions, which increase the clinical effect and toxicity of chemotherapy drugs such as anesthetics.

Objective: To evaluate the influence of anesthesia on patients with breast neoplasia who received or did not receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Methods: A quasi-experimental, prospective, longitudinal study was carried out in the Anesthesiology and Resuscitation Service of the Hermanos Ameijeiras Clinical Surgical Hospital, during the period from January 2021 to January 2023.

Results: The average age was 53 .2 years in Group I and 55.4 years in Group II. In both groups, ASA II patients predominated, with 92.0% in group I and 88.0% in group II. 92.0% of the patients in Group I and 96.0% of those in Group II received balanced anesthesia. Arrhythmia (20%), followed by QT segment prolongation (4.0%), Arterial hypertension (4.0%), renal oliguria (16.0%) and postoperative pain (12.0%) were the complications present in patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Regarding severity, 56% were severe. 44% of the complications (arrhythmias, QT prolongation and arterial hypertension and oliguria) appeared indirectly in the postoperative period.

Conclusions: The influence of anesthesia on patients with breast neoplasia who received or did not receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy was evaluated, and complications associated with anesthetic management were identified.